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Secondary
School English Teacher
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FIRST
GRADE
INTRODUCTORY
UNIT


Classroom
language
Unit
purpose: The
purpose of this unit is to provide students with some basic classroom language
that will enable them to communicate in English at all times during their foreign
language lessons.
I.1.
Greeting people and responding to greetings
Sample
productions: Hi;
Hello; Good morning/evening... (Mrs. González/Miss Navarro); How are
you?; How do you do?; I`m fine/OK (thank you/thanks. And you?).
I.2.
Communicating in the classroom
Sample
productions: Instructions: Open/close
the door/your notebook; Open your book at page 3/27; Raise your hand; Stand
up; Go to your seat/front... (please); Come in; Sit down; Listen to the conversation/your
classmate; Circle/underline the correct answer/the cognates; Match the columns/the
words with the phrases; Work in pairs/teams; Read/complete the dialogue/the
sentences; Roll call: present/ here; Absent; Permission:
May I come in/go to the bathroom?; Dates: What day is it today?
(today/It is) Monday/thursday...(August 30th/September 3rd); What`s the date?
(today/It is) August 30th/September 3rd.
I.3.
Maintaining communication in or out of the classroom
Sample productions:
Repetition: Sorry?; Pardon?; Repeat please; Can you
say that again?; Interruption: Excuse me; Finding information:
What`s the meaning of "afternoon"/"underline?; How do you say
"cuaderno"/"baño" in English?; How do you spell "Wednesday"/"evening?
Activities
1.-MINI-PLAY
Activity
to learn the classroom language which will be used all over the school year.
Function:
Communication in the classroom.
Preparation:
Prepare a listening exercise (missing words: conversations which
could be found in the audio disc included in most textbooks. When you have chosen
a conversation, write it down on the whiteboard and erase some words.) It must
include conversations where the classroom language take place. Students have
to identify phrases, questions, and vocabulary related to. Aspects to identify:
Greetings, roll-call, permission, instructions, date, day, partings, etc. Note:
If you do not have this type of audio, draw a table as following:
| greetings |
roll-call |
permission |
day
/ date |
instructions |
partings |
|
-Good morning
-hello
-etc.
|
-present
-here
-absent
|
-May I come in?
-May I go to the bathroom?
-etc
|
-What day is it
today?
-Today is...
What's the date?
-september third
|
-please, sit down.
-stand up.
-open your book/
notebook, etc
|
-good bye
-see you.
-etc
|
Procedure:
- Pick students who
want to participate in the mini play. Each student has to choose a role
to perform, example: a teacher, a student who answers to the day, another
for the date, another who asks for permission to enter, another who asks
permission to go to the bathroom, every necessary item to practice (according
to the roles of the mini play).
- Place chairs in front
of the class for the students and teacher actors.
- Give some time for
students to pick up their roles or you could assign them.
- You have to perform
a sample class. Then, help the teacher-actor with the sequence of the mini
play.
- At the beginning of
the play, the teacher-actor greets and students greet him/her. After that,
roll call takes place. Then, the teacher-actor asks for the day, date. Also
some instructions such as "sit down, stand up, etc" could be practiced.
After a student who came late should ask for permission to enter and another
to go to the bathroom. You could add any necessary phrase, question or item
that you think is useful to learn.
- The mini play has
to include the sample productions of the unit.
- The mini play has
to be performed in the classroom, without notebook. Do not erase the notes
written on the whiteboard, thus students use them only as a guide.
- Try to get involved
as many students as possible, giving the opportunity to everyone to participate.
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2.-
THINK FAST
Game
for checking what students have learned, it works better at the last five minutes
of class.
Function:
Any.
Preparation:
Prepare a list of sentences or phrases taught in class.
Procedure:
- Choose two or three
volunteers.
- Ask them to leave the
classroom. They will be called to enter in turns.
- The first student enters.
- At this, tell him/her
that he/she has 30 seconds to say words, phrases, sentences, etc, that he/she
learned in that class, as many as he/she can say. You have to tick for every
item said by the student.
- When all volunteers
have participated, count and decide which student has said or recalled more
utterances. Reward the winners.
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3.-HANG
MAN
Game
to learn the sound of letters of the English alphabet. Ideal for beginners.
Function:
To spell the alphabet.
Preparation:
Previously, check the sound of the letters. Try to use recorded spelling and
also yours.
Material:
Chart of the English alphabet, an assembling doll, a small hang rope (slipnot)
and visuals or pictures. (See IDEAS
FOR DIDACTIC
MATERIAL
first grade)
Procedure:
- Choose a visual with
a clear idea of a word (example: a house).
- Draw small dashed lines
on the whiteboard. The number of dashed lines has to be according to the
letters of the word to spell.
- Ask your students to
say letters randomly.
- If the said letter
correspond to the word to guess, write it on the corresponding dashed line.
If the said letter does not correspond to the word, add a piece of the assembling
doll to the hang rope.
- The goal of the game
is that students spell letters and guess the word before the doll is completed
and hanged.
- Make competitions to
motivate your students.
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4.-CHINESE
WHISPERS
Ideal
for practicing the alphabet in large groups.
Function:
Spelling the alphabet.
Preparation:
The sounds of the alphabet have to be studied previously .
Procedure:
- Choose a word to spell
randomly.
- You are going to spell
the word, letter by letter, to the student sitting in the front of each
row.
- This student will spell
the word, letter by letter, to the student sitting behind him/her. It has
to be done in a low voice, orally. Then, that student has to spell the word
to the other student sitting behind and so on until the word is written
by the student sitting at the end of the row.
- Students can not say
letter sounds in their mother tongue.
- It is recommended to
spell the word one at a time. You have to walk from student to student to
say a letter.
- The winner row is that
which writes the full word accurately.
- Make competitions to
motivate your students.
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5.-ALPHABETICON.
Small
square pieces of wood with the letters on both sides.
Function:
Spelling the alphabet.
Preparation:
The sounds of the alphabet have to be studied previously .
Material:
Seven alphabeticon sets. Sand clock. (See IDEAS
FOR DIDACTIC
MATERIAL
first grade)
Procedure:
- Form
teams.
- Provide
each team with an alphabeticon set.
- Each
team has to work on a table where spelled words will be assembled.
- Spell
a word.
- Each
team has certain amount of time to assemble the spelled word with the pieces
of the alphabeticon set.
- The
team which assembles the word first and correctly wins.
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6.-THE
SECRET CODE
Ideal
ice-breaker.
Function:
Spelling the alphabet.
Preparation:
Before the class starts, write a secret message on a piece of paper and
stick it to a candy bar.
Material:
Candies will be needed.
Procedure:
- Post a chart of the
alphabet or write it on the board.
- Provide candies to
your students and tell them that there is a secret message on them. If they
want to eat the candies, they have to decode the message.
- Tell them that each
letter written on the piece of paper represents a previous letter in the
alphabet ("A" represents the "Z"). As an example, you
could write "IJ" and it means "HI".
- Give certain amount
of time to students to decode the message. Once they did it, ask them to
read it aloud and perform or act what is written on the paper. As following:
TBZ
ZPVS OBNF
SAY
YOUR NAME
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7.-WRITE
ON THE BACK
Idea
for practicing the alphabet and checking vocabulay.
Function:
Spelling the alphabet.
Preparation:
The sounds of the alphabet have to be studied previously .
Procedure:
- Divide the group in
five teams.
- Teams should form
a line towards the whiteboard.
- Provide a marker to
the student who is in the front of the line, nearest the borad.
- Say, in a low voice,
a letter of the alphabet to the student who is at the end of the line.
- This student has to
write the letter on the back of the student who is standing in front of
him/her using his/her finger, and then the next student has to do the same
and so on until the letter is written on the back of the student with the
marker. he/she has to write it on the whiteboard and then complete a word
beginning with that particular letter.
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8.-NUMBERS
BINGO
Game
to learn and practice numbers.
Function:
Say telephone, address, amount, money, etc with numbers.
Material:
(See IDEAS
FOR DIDACTIC
MATERIAL
first grade)
Procedre:
- Bingo game.
- Provide each student
with playing card.
- Shuffle cards and mention
the numbers.
- The student who first
completes and shouts "Bingo" wins.
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9.-CIRCLE
THE NUMBER
Game
to improve listening and identify numbers.
Function:
Say telephone, address, amount, money, etc with numbers.
Preparation:
Students need to study numbers previously.
Procedimiento:
- Form teams.
- Arrange the forniture
of the classroom to avoid accidents.
- Write numbers on the
whiteboard (as many as you can).
- Provide with a marker
to each team.
- Each team has to choose
a member who will run to the board to circle a number.
- Say
aloud one of the numbers written on the whiteboard.
- The
team which circles the given number first, wins that number.
- Say
again a number and repeat the procedure. The team which circles more numbers
at the end of the activity, wins.
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10.-CHINESE
WHISPERS
Idea
for practicing numbers with large groups.
Function:
Say telephone, address, amount, money, etc with numbers.
Preparation:
Numbers and phrases such as "My telephone number is" o "my
address is" or any which involve numbers should be taught previously.
Procedudre:
- Choose a telephone
or address number.
- You are going to say
the telephone or address number, number by number, to the student who is
sitting in front of each row.
- This student has to
say it to the partner who is sitting just behind him/her and so on until
the number gets to the student sitting at the end of the row. She/he has
to write it and complete the whole telephone or address number. (it suggested
to start with domestic telephone numbers).
- Students can not speak
in their mother tongue.
- It is recommended to
say a number one at a time. You have to walk from student to student to
do so.
- The winner row is that
which writes the full number accurately.
- Make competitions to
motivate your students.
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11.-ADD
AND SUBTRACT
Activity
to learn numbers.
Function:
Communication in the classroom
Preparation:
Teach the meaning of the words "add" and "subtract"
Procedure:
- Write a number on the
whiteboard, example: 10.
- Tell students they
are going to play with mathematics.
- Start like this : 10
add 5.
$
- They have to listen
carefully and write the result.
- keep adding and subtracting
numbers.
- Example: 10+45-34+60=
- This is a listening
activity, prepare as many operations as possible.
- I recommend to first
establishing the number of repetitions you will do. So, students will know
that they have certain opportunities to listen the numbers and operations
and distractions will be avoided..
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